The 2n3439 and 2n3440 are silicon epitaxial planar npn transistors in. The value of this constant current can be given by the equation. So if you see a bipolar transistor hfe, gain, or i. The letter f indicates that it is a forward transfer characteristic, and the letter e indicates it is for a common emitter configuration. Finding gain from a transistor datasheet electrical. When a transistor is a switch then hfe numbers are not used, the saturation voltage is listed when the base current is 110th or 120th of the collector current, even if the minimum hfe is very high. The pot r5 can be adjusted to get a constant current of 10ua. Jan 26, 2008 hfe is a transistor parameter that denotes its gain ratio. General purpose transistor 2n3906g pnp rohs device to92 features pnp silicon epitaxial planar transistor for 0. This explains your question with the qrs part of the hfe shown in your datasheet. You should design a circuit with enough negative feedback so that it works when the hfe of the transistor is minimum or maximum and also works with the minimum and maximum collector current of your circuit and at the expected temperature range. How to convert hfe to beta for bipolar transistors. But the hfe is a wide range and could be as low as 20 when its vce is 1v and its collector current is 0.
The transistor can be saturated for many values of ibe above the saturation bias that is why the datasheet will tell you what bias current existed at the point where hfe was defined. The letter defines the datashfet for the hfe, the dc current gain. The most important properties to look for are the maximum collector current ic and the current gain hfe. It means that the multimeter is marketed to home experimenters and the like, that might be using surplus or scrapped materials for projects, and so would like to find the better gain in such surplused transistors. Datasheet loutline parameter value sc105aa sot416fl. Hparameter model h fe, the current gain of a bipolar junction transistor. The previous module was devoted to measuring the characteristics of a transistor. Hefei xinqiao international airport, in anhui, china. So if 1ma is fed into the base of a transistor and it has a hfe of 100, the collector current will be 100ma every transistor has its own unique hfe. Transistor silicon npn triple diffused type power ampli. If you cant search it here, nowhere else in the world. Highest gain npn transistor electronics forum circuits. The dt830b digital meter can test a transistor by measuring its hfe value and displaying it.
Texas instruments transistor and diode databook 1st ed 1973 datasheets for diodes from 1n251 on and transistors from 2n117 on acrobat 7 pdf 34. This is the current gain for a transistor expressed as an h parameter hybrid parameter. Apr 26, 2016 in the case of the 2n3904 this has a maximum value of 300, so in a transistor with that hfe value if you put 1ma into the base you will be able to measure 300ma flowing into the collector if the. Its hfe is typically 175 at 1khz when its current is 10ma and its vce is 10v. Due to its high current gain and collector current it. This constant current provided by the q1 circuit if the transistor under test is an npn transistor and by q2 circuit if the transistor under test is a pnp transistor is fed to the base of transistor. Jul 07, 2019 making hfe less relevant the traditional low frequency amplifier with an emitter degneration resistor is designed so that hfe, as long as its above a nominally low value such as ten, does not matter. Bc datasheet, bc npn small signal transistor datasheet, buy bc transistor. A transistor works by feeding a current into the base of the transistor. The datasheet for the transistor will include hfe specifications at different collector currents.
Pinning pin description 1 emitter 2 base 3 collector fig. Determine whether the transistor is a pnp, or npn type. Typ60ns at ic500ma 2low saturation voltage, typically. Jun 12, 2019 suitable for applications requiring low noise and good hfe linearity, eg. Back in the day they would be published as big thick books. Buy smd transistor rectifier switching schottky diode assortment book kit 36 values each 50pc, total. Hefei luogang international airport, in anhui, china, now defunct. Complementary silicon power darlington transistor st microelectronics 6.
Youre right hfe varies a tremendous amount, depending on ic and temperatures. Ecg transistor replacement guide book free datasheet. Pillaging the wealth of information in a datasheet hackaday. Directions for determining the thermal resistance rths for cooling fins can be found on page 11. Buy smd transistor rectifier switching schottky diode assortment book kit 36 values each 50pc, total 1800pcs by transistor kit. For transistors intended for switching applications this will be very brief but more specialized amplifiers may list hfe specifications at several collector currents. Making hfe less relevant the traditional low frequency amplifier with an emitter degneration resistor is designed so that hfe, as long as its above a nominally low value such as ten, does not matter. Material struct pc w vcb v vce v veb v ic a tj c ft mhz cc pf hfe caps r1 kohm r2 kohm r1r2 empty or zero fields are ignored during the search. Material struct pc w vcb v vce v veb v ic a tj c ft mhz cc pf. Connect the multimeter probes to j1 and j2 respecting polarities, set sw1 in the appropriate position depending on transistor type npn or pnp, then push p1 and. Some european transistors have their hfe batched in a for low, b for medium and c for high. The hfe is normally seen to be a constant value, normally around 10 to 500, but it may change slightly with temperature and with changes in collectortoemitter voltage. Understanding hfe in data sheets all about circuits.
Semiconductor data sheets andor specifications can and do vary in different. For the commonemitter bipolar junction transistor amplifier h21 is called hfe. The datasheet for every transistor part number gives a range for hfe. The hfe is normally seen to be a constant value, normally. When the transistor is saturated, vce for the ideal transistor is zero.
Com datasheet search site for electronic components and semiconductors and other semiconductors. The 2sc5200 is a high power npn transistor originally from toshiba. Im trying to work out the gain of a transistor, the datasheet is here, although i have extracted the relevant images here the datasheet gives the gain for ic5ma and vce2v as 25, and the remainder of the results seem to indicate something of a bellcurve of the gain plotted against ic, which with some rough interpolation would allow you to find a very rough and approximate gain for any ic. Transistor codes surface mount, pnp, npn, choosing. What is the significance of hfe, hie, hre and hoe in. If a mica insulation is used, the thermal resistance of the mica washer must be added, which amounts to about 0. Apr 29, 2019 it means that the multimeter is marketed to home experimenters and the like, that might be using surplus or scrapped materials for projects, and so would like to find the better gain in such surplused transistors.
Set the range switch to hfe position, and insert the transistor correctly into the test socket as shown in the photographs. Check the transistor s datasheet for the hfe value in its specifications. In technical terms, hfe for a transistor is the gain ratio of the collector current output divided by the base current input. In particular, you measured the amplification parameter bic ib b is also known as hfe on your digital multimeter. The user simply needs to compare it with that stated in the datasheet for that device.
It also shows the hfe changing with collector current and temperature. The suffix your transistor has determines which hfe gain it will have, as concluded from the datasheet. Suitable for applications requiring low noise and good hfe linearity, eg. It is defined as a gain because a small signal at the base produces a much larger signal at the collector. Com is the biggest online electronic component datasheets search engine. In the case of the 2n3904 this has a maximum value of 300, so in a transistor with that hfe value if you put 1ma into the base you will be able to. The q1 is a pnp transistor and the constant current flows in the emitter lead. Transistor tester to test hfe and working of npn and pnp. Complete technical details can be found at the 2sc5200 datasheet given at the end of this page. The hfe of a transistor is always listed when it is linear with plenty of collector to emitter voltage so it is an amplifier, not a switch. Design your circuit so it still works properly when the hfe of the transistor is 20 to 300 and the collector voltage and current is whatever you need.
Transistor quick reference by package s to92 type transistor vceo v. Ecg transistor replacement guide book free datasheet, cross reference. Most projects will specify a particular transistor, but if necessary you can usually substitute an equivalent transistor from the wide range available. Browse cadence pspice model library cadence pspice technology offers more than 33, models covering various types of devices that are included in the pspice lite software. Ecg transistor replacement guide book free 2sb337 transistor replacement guide 980510 2n339 c24850772 bc149c 2sb508 s9510 text. The base current is then amplified by hfe to yield its amplified current. When a transistor is used as a switch it is operated in the saturation and cutoff region as explained above. In the case of hfe, this figure is the current gain of a transistor, or the ratio. Hfe gene, a gene that encodes the human hemochromatosis protein. Hfe as high as can be measured by using this circuit. This datasheet contains the design specifications for. Current gain is one of the important specifications for a bipolar transistor three figures are often seen. The archer transistor substitution guide and crossreference listing has been prepared by the, check the entire circuitry to be sure the transistor requires replacement. The circuit is based on two constant current sources build around transistors q1 and q2.
Jul 20, 2018 the datasheet for the transistor will include hfe specifications at different collector currents. Ecg transistor replacement guide book free 2sb337 transistor replacement guide 980510 2n339 c24850772 bc149c 2sb508 s9510. To bias a transistor we have to supply current to base pin, this current i b should be limited to 5ma. Since the distribution of heat in the transistor crystal is not uniform and depends on voltage and. Transistor 25v, 500ma, 300mw, 150mhz, hfe 120 400, sot23. Fe is for a fixed dc bias and a fixed dc current gain and that must be specified for each value of hfe. These parameters are based on the hybrid model for studying the operation of a transistor amplifier in the low voltage region,also called small signal operation.
Ic is the current out of the collector of the transistor and ib is the current out. For example, if you want to test a bc549c generalpurpose transistor, you must first find the datasheet and lookup some basic parameters. Hfe has minimum and maximum values, though both may not be listed. The hfe value is read on the multimeter by multiplying the resulting ma value x100. The 2n3904 transistor has an hfe from 100 to 300 when its current is 10ma and its vce is 1v. The small letter h indicates it is a small signal gain.
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